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The national government enacts the laws and regulations |
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needed to preserve the water quality and carry out |
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sewerage works. Also, it designs basic frameworks of |
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sewerage works in Japan and makes long-term and middle- |
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tern plans for sewerage systems. MLIT is a key and |
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fundamental organization for national wide budget for |
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sewerage works, watershed management, planning for new |
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tasks of sewerage systems, establishments of technical |
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standards, policy and project evaluation, publicity and |
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public involvement, and international cooperation. |
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Research and investigation for policy making are |
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conducted in National Institute for Land |
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Infrastructure Management (NILIM). |
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The construction, operation, and renewal of sewerage |
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facilities are conducted by local governments, namely |
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prefectures and municipalities. These public bodies |
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construct sewerage systems mainly by subsidies from |
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central government, local bonds, and municipal general |
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expenditures. Costs for operating and maintenance of |
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sewerage systems including those for principal and |
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interest of local bonds are covered mainly by sewerage |
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system user charges and amounts paid as general |
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expenditures. |
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The Japan Sewage Works Agency (JS) provides technical |
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supports to local governments for planning, design and |
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construction of fundamental sewerage systems such as |
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wastewater treatment plants, pumping stations and trunk |
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sewers based on local governments' requests. The agency |
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also conducts technical support on operation and |
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maintenance of wastewater treatment plants for |
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municipalities, training of local government staff |
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involved in sewerage, and research and technology |
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development on sewerage systems. |
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